![]() ![]() The sharia is thus not merely a system of law but also a comprehensive code of behaviour that embraces both private and public activities. However, in neither case is there any legal sanction of punishment or reward, nullity or validity. Accordingly, certain acts are classified as praiseworthy ( mandūb), which means that their performance brings divine favour and their omission divine disfavour, and others as blameworthy ( makrūh), which has the opposite implications. The sharia is concerned as much with ethical standards as with legal rules, indicating not only what an individual is entitled or bound to do in law but also what one ought, in conscience, to do or to refrain from doing. Ritual practices-such as the daily prayers ( ṣalāt), almsgiving ( zakāt), fasting ( ṣawm), and pilgrimage ( hajj)-are an integral part of sharia law and usually occupy the first chapters in legal manuals. In the first place, the scope of the sharia is much wider, since it regulates the individual’s relationship not only with neighbours and with the state, which is the limit of most other legal systems, but also with God and with the individual’s own conscience. In classical form, the sharia differs from Western systems of law in two principal respects. Known as the sharīʿah (literally, “path leading to the watering place”), the law represents a divinely ordained path of conduct that guides Muslims toward a practical expression of religious conviction in this world and the goal of divine favour in the world to come. The religious law of Islam is seen as the expression of God’s command for Muslims and, in application, constitutes a system of duties that are incumbent upon all Muslims by virtue of their religious belief. Sharia, Arabic sharīʿah, the fundamental religious concept of Islam-namely, its law. ![]() SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians. SHARIAH PROGRAM LOGIN HOW TOCOVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives. ![]()
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